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Russian scientists Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov of the U of Manchester were awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for creating a new form of carbon, graphene (100x stronger than steel), the thinnest and toughest material known.

Graphene was extracted as flakes from a piece of pencil graphite, using adhesive tape. 1mm of graphite = 3M of stacked layers of graphene held together weakly.

Almost completely transparent and extremely dense (not even the smallest gas atom can pass through it), graphene conducts electricity as well as copper and is stretchable up to 20 percent.

It may be used to create transistors much faster than silicon, produce transparent touch screens, light panels, and solar cells.

Who's Buying? Customers in Sunnyvale (Silicon Valley), California and Davenport, Iowa, USA.

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